Update records based on a given criteria

说明

public bool|array MongoCollection::update ( array $criteria , array $new_object [, array $options = array() ] )

参数

criteria

Query criteria for the documents to update.

new_object

The object used to update the matched documents. This may either contain update operators (for modifying specific fields) or be a replacement document.

options

An array of options for the update operation. Currently available options include:

"upsert"

If no document matches $criteria, a new document will be inserted.

If a new document would be inserted and $new_object contains atomic modifiers (i.e. $ operators), those operations will be applied to the $criteria parameter to create the new document. If $new_object does not contain atomic modifiers, it will be used as-is for the inserted document. See the upsert examples below for more information.
"multiple"

All documents matching $criteria will be updated. MongoCollection::update() has exactly the opposite behavior of MongoCollection::remove(): it updates one document by default, not all matching documents. It is recommended that you always specify whether you want to update multiple documents or a single document, as the database may change its default behavior at some point in the future.
"fsync"
Boolean, defaults to FALSE. Forces the insert to be synced to disk before returning success. If TRUE, an acknowledged insert is implied and will override setting w to 0.
"j"
Boolean, defaults to FALSE. Forces the write operation to block until it is synced to the journal on disk. If TRUE, an acknowledged write is implied and this option will override setting "w" to 0.
Note: If this option is used and journaling is disabled, MongoDB 2.6+ will raise an error and the write will fail; older server versions will simply ignore the option.
"socketTimeoutMS"
This option specifies the time limit, in milliseconds, for socket communication. If the server does not respond within the timeout period, a MongoCursorTimeoutException will be thrown and there will be no way to determine if the server actually handled the write or not. A value of -1 may be specified to block indefinitely. The default value for MongoClient is 30000 (30 seconds).
"w"
See WriteConcerns. The default value for MongoClient is 1.
"wTimeoutMS"
This option specifies the time limit, in milliseconds, for write concern acknowledgement. It is only applicable when "w" is greater than 1, as the timeout pertains to replication. If the write concern is not satisfied within the time limit, a MongoCursorException will be thrown. A value of 0 may be specified to block indefinitely. The default value for MongoClient is 10000 (ten seconds).

The following options are deprecated and should no longer be used:

"safe"
Deprecated. Please use the WriteConcern w option.
"timeout"
Integer, defaults to MongoCursor::$timeout. If "safe" is set, this sets how long (in milliseconds) for the client to wait for a database response. If the database does not respond within the timeout period, a MongoCursorTimeoutException will be thrown.
"wtimeout"
Deprecated alias for "wTimeoutMS".

返回值

Returns an array containing the status of the update if the "w" option is set. Otherwise, returns TRUE.

Fields in the status array are described in the documentation for MongoCollection::insert().

错误／异常

Throws MongoCursorException if the "w" option is set and the write fails.

Throws MongoCursorTimeoutException if the "w" option is set to a value greater than one and the operation takes longer than MongoCursor::$timeout milliseconds to complete. This does not kill the operation on the server, it is a client-side timeout. The operation in MongoCollection::$wtimeout is milliseconds.

更新日志

版本	说明
1.5.0	Added the "wTimeoutMS" option, which replaces "wtimeout". Emits `E_DEPRECATED` when "wtimeout" is used. Added the "socketTimeoutMS" option, which replaces "timeout". Emits `E_DEPRECATED` when "timeout" is used. Emits `E_DEPRECATED` when "safe" is used.
1.3.4	Added "wtimeout" option.
1.3.0	Added "w" option. The `options` parameter no longer accepts a boolean to signify an upsert. Instead, this now has to be done with array('upsert' => true).
1.2.11	Emits `E_DEPRECATED` when `options` is scalar.
1.2.0	Added "timeout" option.
1.0.11	Disconnects on "not master" errors if "safe" is set.
1.0.9	Added ability to pass integers to the "safe" option, which previously only accepted booleans. Added "fsync" option. The return type was changed to be an array containing error information if the "safe" option is used. Otherwise, a boolean is returned as before.
1.0.5	Added "safe" option.
1.0.1	Changed `options` parameter from boolean to array. Pre-1.0.1, the second parameter was an optional boolean value specifying an upsert.

范例

Example #1 MongoCollection::update()

Adding an address field to a document.


<?php

$c->insert(array("firstname" => "Bob", "lastname" => "Jones" ));
$newdata = array('$set' => array("address" => "1 Smith Lane"));
$c->update(array("firstname" => "Bob"), $newdata);

var_dump($c->findOne(array("firstname" => "Bob")));

?>

以上例程的输出类似于：

array(4) {
  ["_id"]=>
  object(MongoId)#6 (0) {
  }
  ["firstname"]=>
  string(3) "Bob"
  ["lastname"]=>
  string(5) "Jones"
  ["address"]=>
  string(12) "1 Smith Lane"
}

Example #2 MongoCollection::update() upsert examples

Upserts can simplify code, as a single line can create the document if it does not exist (based on $criteria), or update an existing document if it matches.

In the following example, $new_object contains an atomic modifier. Since the collection is empty and upsert must insert a new document, it will apply those operations to the $criteria parameter in order to create the document.


<?php

$c->drop();
$c->update(
    array("uri" => "/summer_pics"),
    array('$inc' => array("page hits" => 1)),
    array("upsert" => true)
);
var_dump($c->findOne());

?>

以上例程的输出类似于：

array(3) {
  ["_id"]=>
  object(MongoId)#9 (0) {
  }
  ["uri"]=>
  string(12) "/summer_pics"
  ["page hits"]=>
  int(1)
}

If $new_object does not contain atomic modifiers (i.e. $ operators), upsert will use $new_object as-is for the new document. This matches the behavior of a normal update, where not using atomic modifiers causes the document to be overwritten.


<?php

$c->drop();
$c->update(
    array("name" => "joe"),
    array("username" => "joe312", "createdAt" => new MongoDate()), 
    array("upsert" => true)
);
var_dump($c->findOne());

?>

以上例程的输出类似于：

array(3) {
  ["_id"]=>
  object(MongoId)#10 (0) {
  }
  ["username"]=>
  string(6) "joe312"
  ["createdAt"]=>
  object(MongoDate)#4 (0) {
  }
}

Example #3 MongoCollection::update() multiple example

By default, MongoCollection::update() will only update the first document matching $criteria that it finds. Using the "multiple" option can override this behavior, if needed.

This example adds a "gift" field to every person whose birthday is in the next day.


<?php

$today = array('$gt' => new MongoDate(), '$lt' => new MongoDate(strtotime("+1 day")));
$people->update(
    array("birthday" => $today),
    array('$set' => array('gift' => $surprise)),
    array("multiple" => true)
);

?>

参见

The PHP documentation on updates and the » MongoDB core docs.