Example of using the built-in comments app¶

Template¶

First, we should load the comment template tags in the blog_detail.html so that we can use its functionality. So just like all other custom template tag libraries:

{% load comments %}

Next, let’s add the number of comments attached to the particular model instance of Post. For this we assume that a context variable object_pk is present which gives the id of the instance of Post.

The usage of the get_comment_count tag is like below:

{% get_comment_count for blog.post object_pk as comment_count %}
<p>{{ comment_count }} comments have been posted.</p>

If you have the instance (say entry) of the model (Post) available in the context, then you can refer to it directly:

{% get_comment_count for entry as comment_count %}
<p>{{ comment_count }} comments have been posted.</p>

Next, we can use the render_comment_list tag, to render all comments to the given instance (entry) by using the comments/list.html template:

{% render_comment_list for entry %}

Django will will look for the list.html under the following directories (for our example):

comments/blog/post/list.html
comments/blog/list.html
comments/list.html

To get a list of comments, we make use of the get_comment_list tag. Using this tag is very similar to the get_comment_count tag. We need to remember that get_comment_list returns a list of comments and hence we have to iterate through them to display them:

{% get_comment_list for blog.post object_pk as comment_list %}
{% for comment in comment_list %}
<p>Posted by: {{ comment.user_name }} on {{ comment.submit_date }}</p>
...
<p>Comment: {{ comment.comment }}</p>
...
{% endfor %}

Finally, we display the comment form, enabling users to enter their comments. There are two ways of doing so. The first is when you want to display the comments template available under your comments/form.html. The other method gives you a chance to customize the form.

The first method makes use of the render_comment_form tag. Its usage too is similar to the other three tags we have discussed above:

{% render_comment_form for entry %}

It looks for the form.html under the following directories (for our example):

comments/blog/post/form.html
comments/blog/form.html
comments/form.html

Since we customize the form in the second method, we make use of another tag called comment_form_target. This tag on rendering gives the URL where the comment form is posted. Without any customization, comment_form_target evaluates to /comments/post/. We use this tag in the form’s action attribute.

The get_comment_form tag renders a form for a model instance by creating a context variable. One can iterate over the form object to get individual fields. This gives you fine-grain control over the form:

{% for field in form %}
{% ifequal field.name "comment" %}
  <!-- Customize the "comment" field, say, make CSS changes -->
...
{% endfor %}

But let’s look at a simple example:

{% get_comment_form for entry as form %}
<!-- A context variable called form is created with the necessary hidden
fields, timestamps and security hashes -->
<table>
  <form action="{% comment_form_target %}" method="post">
    {% csrf_token %}
    {{ form }}
    <tr>
      <td colspan="2">
        <input type="submit" name="submit" value="Post">
        <input type="submit" name="preview" value="Preview">
      </td>
    </tr>
  </form>
</table>

Flagging¶

If you want your users to be able to flag comments (say for profanity), you can just direct them (by placing a link in your comment list) to /flag/{{ comment.id }}/. Similarly, a user with requisite permissions ("Can moderate comments") can approve and delete comments. This can also be done through the admin as you’ll see later. You might also want to customize the following templates:

• flag.html
• flagged.html
• approve.html
• approved.html
• delete.html
• deleted.html

found under the directory structure we saw for form.html.

Feeds¶

Suppose you want to export a feed of the latest comments, you can use the built-in LatestCommentFeed. Just enable it in your project’s urls.py:

from django.conf.urls import patterns
from django.contrib.comments.feeds import LatestCommentFeed

urlpatterns = patterns('',
# ...
    (r'^feeds/latest/$', LatestCommentFeed()),
# ...
)

Now you should have the latest comment feeds being served off /feeds/latest/.

Moderation¶

Now that we have the comments framework working, we might want to have some moderation setup to administer the comments. The comments framework comes built-in with generic comment moderation. The comment moderation has the following features (all of which or only certain can be enabled):

• Enable comments for a particular model instance.
• Close comments after a particular (user-defined) number of days.
• Email new comments to the site-staff.

To enable comment moderation, we subclass the CommentModerator and register it with the moderation features we want. Let’s suppose we want to close comments after 7 days of posting and also send out an email to the site staff. In blog/models.py, we register a comment moderator in the following way:

from django.contrib.comments.moderation import CommentModerator, moderator
from django.db import models

class Post(models.Model):
    title   = models.CharField(max_length = 255)
    content = models.TextField()
    posted_date = models.DateTimeField()

class PostModerator(CommentModerator):
    email_notification = True
    auto_close_field   = 'posted_date'
    # Close the comments after 7 days.
    close_after        = 7

moderator.register(Post, PostModerator)

The generic comment moderation also has the facility to remove comments. These comments can then be moderated by any user who has access to the admin site and the Can moderate comments permission (can be set under the Users page in the admin).

The moderator can Flag, Approve or Remove comments using the Action drop-down in the admin under the Comments page.